trigidentity.com

Reciprocal and quotient identities · derivation ·proof

Where cot θ = 1/tan θ comes from

Two roads to the same ratio. Cotangent can be reached from tangent's reciprocal or from cos/sin; both routes agree, which is exactly what the quotient identity says.

cot θ = 1/tan θ

Building it step by step

  1. cot θ = 1/tan θ
    Reciprocal.
  2. tan θ = sin θ/cos θ
    Quotient identity. · Quotient identity (tangent)
  3. cot θ = cos θ/sin θ
    Substitute and flip.

What this derivation depends on

Every line above is one of these — nothing else is assumed:

That list is the argument for learning fewer formulas: most of this catalogue is a short chain away from the unit circle and the sum formulas.

How to recall it under pressure

Re-derive it from the first line rather than searching memory: start from tan θ = sin θ / cos θ and do the one algebraic move the derivation above makes. If you need the statement itself, it is on the reciprocal identity (cotangent) page.

sampled at 800 random anglesSource: OpenStax Precalculus, Ch. 7 · Paul's Online Math Notes, Trig Cheat Sheet · revised 2026-09-26 ·how we check ·accuracy policy ·report an error