trigidentity.com

Reciprocal and quotient identities · derivation ·proof

Where tan θ = sin θ / cos θ comes from

Cancel the hypotenuse. If you need to remove tangent from an expression, the question to ask is 'what is tangent made of?' — two ratios whose denominator cancels.

tan θ = sin θ / cos θ

Building it step by step

  1. tan θ = opp/adj
    Definition.
  2. opp/adj = (opp/hyp)/(adj/hyp)
    Multiply top and bottom by 1/hyp.
  3. = sin θ/cos θ
    Recognise both ratios.

How to recall it under pressure

Re-derive it from the first line rather than searching memory: start from tan(x) and do the one algebraic move the derivation above makes. If you need the statement itself, it is on the quotient identity (tangent) page.

sampled at 800 random anglesSource: OpenStax Precalculus, Ch. 7 · Paul's Online Math Notes, Trig Cheat Sheet · revised 2026-09-26 ·how we check ·accuracy policy ·report an error