trigidentity.com

Cofunction and even/odd identities · derivation ·proof

Where tan(−θ) = −tan θ comes from

Odd divided by even. Rule of thumb worth remembering: a ratio whose top flips sign flips sign too.

tan(−θ) = −tan θ

Building it step by step

  1. top: odd, bottom: even
    sin is odd, cos is even.
  2. ratio: odd
    −a/b = −(a/b).
  3. tan(−θ) = −tan θ
    Apply to θ.

How to recall it under pressure

Re-derive it from the first line rather than searching memory: start from tan(-x) and do the one algebraic move the derivation above makes. If you need the statement itself, it is on the tangent is odd page.

sampled at 800 random anglesSource: OpenStax Precalculus, Ch. 7 · Paul's Online Math Notes, Trig Cheat Sheet · revised 2026-09-26 ·how we check ·accuracy policy ·report an error